塑料模具基础知识
Basic knowledge of plastic mold
第一章 塑 料
Chapter 1 plastics
一﹑塑料的分子结构:塑料主要成份是树脂﹐树脂有天然树脂和合成树
Molecular structure of Plastics: the main component of plastics is resin, which includes natural resin and synthetic tree
脂两种。
There are two kinds of fat.
二﹑塑料的成份:
2. Composition of plastics
1.树脂:主要作用是将塑料的其它成份加以粘合,并决定塑料的类型(热塑性或热固性)和主要性能,如机械﹑物理﹑电﹑化学性能等。
1. Resin: the main function is to bond other components of plastics, and
determine the type (thermoplastic or thermosetting) and main properties
of plastics, such as mechanical, physical, electrical and chemical
properties.
树脂在塑料中的比例一般为40~65%。
The proportion of resin in plastics is generally 40 ~ 65%.
2.填充剂:又称填料,正确地选择填充剂,可以改善塑料的性能和扩大它的使用范围。
2. Fillers: also known as fillers, the correct selection of fillers can
improve the performance of plastics and expand its scope of use.
3.增塑剂:有些树脂的可塑性很小,柔软性也很差,为了降低树脂的熔融粘度和熔融温度,改善其成型加工性能,改进塑料的柔韧性,弹性以及其它各种必要的性能,通常加入能入树脂相容的不易挥发的高沸点的有机化合物。这类物质称增塑剂。增塑常是一种高沸点液纳或熔点固体的酯类化合物。
3. Plasticizer: some resins have low plasticity and poor flexibility. In
order to reduce the melting viscosity and melting temperature of the
resin, improve its molding performance, improve the flexibility,
elasticity and other necessary properties of the plastics, organic
compounds with high boiling point that are compatible with the resin are
usually added. Such substances are called plasticizers. Plasticization
is usually an ester compound with high boiling point or melting point.
4.着色剂:又称色料,主要是起美观和
泥杆 保定古筝 塑料增韧剂 拱形护坡模具 保定空调维修 托辊生产线装饰作用,包括涂料两部分。
4. Colorants: also known as pigments, mainly for aesthetic and decorative functions, including two parts of paint.
5.稳定剂:凡能阴缓塑料变质的物质称稳定剂,分光稳定剂﹑热稳定剂﹑抗氧剂。
5. Stabilizer: any material that can slow the deterioration of plastic
is called stabilizer, light stabilizer, heat stabilizer and antioxidant.
6.润滑剂:改善塑料熔体的流动性,减少或避免对设备或模具的磨擦和粘附,以及改进塑件的表面光洁度。
6. Lubricant: improve the fluidity of plastic melt, reduce or avoid
friction and adhesion to equipment or mold, and improve the surface
finish of plastic parts.