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化粪池工作原理与作用
化粪池工作原理与作用
The working principle and function of septic tank
化粪池的作用
Role of septic tanks
化粪池是基本的污泥处理设施，同时也是生活污水的预处理设施，它的作用表现在：
Septic tanks are the basic sludge treatment facilities, but also domestic sewage pretreatment facilities, its role in:
1、 保障生活社区的环境卫生，避免生活污水及污染物在居住环境的扩散。
1, ensure the environmental hygiene of living communities and avoid the diffusion of domestic sewage and pollutants in the living environment.
2、 在化粪池厌氧腐化的工作环境中，杀灭蚊蝇虫卵。
2. Kill the mosquitoes and flies eggs in the anaerobic environment of septic tanks.
3、 临时性储存污泥，有机污泥进行厌氧腐化，熟化的有机污泥可作为农用肥料。
3. Temporary storage of sludge, anaerobic decomposition of organic sludge, mature organic sludge can be used as agricultural fertilizer.
4、 生活污水的预处理（一级处理），沉淀杂质，并使大分子有机物水解，成为酸、醇等小分子有机物，改善后续的污水处理。
4. Pretreatment of domestic sewage (primary treatment), precipitation of impurities, and hydrolysis of macromolecular organic matter into acid, alcohol and other small molecular organic matter, improve the subsequent sewage treatment.
工艺原理
Process principle
化粪池是一种利用沉淀和厌氧发酵的原理，去除生活污水中悬浮性有机物的处理设施， 属于初级的过渡性生活处理构筑物。生活污水中含有大量粪便、纸屑、病原虫...悬浮物固体浓度为 100~350mg/L，有机物浓度CODCr 在100~400mg/L之间，其中悬浮性的有机物浓度BOD5为50~200mg/L。污水进入化粪池经过12~24h的沉淀，可去除50%~60%的悬浮物。沉淀下来的污泥经过3个月以上的厌氧发酵分解，使污泥中的有机物分解成稳定的无机物，易腐败的生污泥转化为稳定的熟污泥，改变了污泥的结构，降低了污泥的含水率。定期将污泥清掏外运，填埋或用作肥料。要求：化粪池 的沉淀部分和腐化部分的计算容积，应按《建筑给水排水设计规范》(GB50015-2003)第4.8.4～4.8.7条确定。污水在化粪池中停留时间宜采用12h~36h。对于无污泥处置的污水处理系统，化粪池容积还应包括贮存污泥的容积。
Septic tank is a kind of treatment facility which uses sedimentation and anaerobic fermentation principle to remove suspended organic matter from domestic sewage. It belongs to primary transitional living treatment structure. There are a lot of feces, paper scraps and pathogens in domestic sewage. The concentration of suspended solids is 100-350 mg/L, the concentration of organic matter is 100-400 mg/L, and the concentration of suspended organic matter is 50-200 mg/L. When sewage enters septic tanks through 12~24h precipitation, the suspended solids of 50%~60% can be removed. Sedimented sludge is decomposed by anaerobic fermentation for more than three months. The organic matter in the sludge is decomposed into stable inorganic matter, and the perishable raw sludge is transformed into stable mature sludge, which changes the structure of the sludge and reduces the water content of the sludge. The sludge is regularly transported out for landfill or used as fertilizer. Requirements: The calculated volumes of the sediment and decomposition parts of septic tanks should be determined according to Article 4.8.4-4.8.7 of the Code for Design of Building Water Supply and Drainage (GB50015-2003). 12h~36h should be used for the residence time of sewage in septic tanks. For sewage disposal systems without sludge disposal, the volume of septic tanks should also include the volume of storage sludge.
The working principle and function of septic tank
化粪池的作用
Role of septic tanks
化粪池是基本的污泥处理设施，同时也是生活污水的预处理设施，它的作用表现在：
Septic tanks are the basic sludge treatment facilities, but also domestic sewage pretreatment facilities, its role in:
1、 保障生活社区的环境卫生，避免生活污水及污染物在居住环境的扩散。
1, ensure the environmental hygiene of living communities and avoid the diffusion of domestic sewage and pollutants in the living environment.
2、 在化粪池厌氧腐化的工作环境中，杀灭蚊蝇虫卵。
2. Kill the mosquitoes and flies eggs in the anaerobic environment of septic tanks.
3、 临时性储存污泥，有机污泥进行厌氧腐化，熟化的有机污泥可作为农用肥料。
3. Temporary storage of sludge, anaerobic decomposition of organic sludge, mature organic sludge can be used as agricultural fertilizer.
4、 生活污水的预处理（一级处理），沉淀杂质，并使大分子有机物水解，成为酸、醇等小分子有机物，改善后续的污水处理。
4. Pretreatment of domestic sewage (primary treatment), precipitation of impurities, and hydrolysis of macromolecular organic matter into acid, alcohol and other small molecular organic matter, improve the subsequent sewage treatment.
工艺原理
Process principle
化粪池是一种利用沉淀和厌氧发酵的原理，去除生活污水中悬浮性有机物的处理设施， 属于初级的过渡性生活处理构筑物。生活污水中含有大量粪便、纸屑、病原虫...悬浮物固体浓度为 100~350mg/L，有机物浓度CODCr 在100~400mg/L之间，其中悬浮性的有机物浓度BOD5为50~200mg/L。污水进入化粪池经过12~24h的沉淀，可去除50%~60%的悬浮物。沉淀下来的污泥经过3个月以上的厌氧发酵分解，使污泥中的有机物分解成稳定的无机物，易腐败的生污泥转化为稳定的熟污泥，改变了污泥的结构，降低了污泥的含水率。定期将污泥清掏外运，填埋或用作肥料。要求：化粪池 的沉淀部分和腐化部分的计算容积，应按《建筑给水排水设计规范》(GB50015-2003)第4.8.4～4.8.7条确定。污水在化粪池中停留时间宜采用12h~36h。对于无污泥处置的污水处理系统，化粪池容积还应包括贮存污泥的容积。
Septic tank is a kind of treatment facility which uses sedimentation and anaerobic fermentation principle to remove suspended organic matter from domestic sewage. It belongs to primary transitional living treatment structure. There are a lot of feces, paper scraps and pathogens in domestic sewage. The concentration of suspended solids is 100-350 mg/L, the concentration of organic matter is 100-400 mg/L, and the concentration of suspended organic matter is 50-200 mg/L. When sewage enters septic tanks through 12~24h precipitation, the suspended solids of 50%~60% can be removed. Sedimented sludge is decomposed by anaerobic fermentation for more than three months. The organic matter in the sludge is decomposed into stable inorganic matter, and the perishable raw sludge is transformed into stable mature sludge, which changes the structure of the sludge and reduces the water content of the sludge. The sludge is regularly transported out for landfill or used as fertilizer. Requirements: The calculated volumes of the sediment and decomposition parts of septic tanks should be determined according to Article 4.8.4-4.8.7 of the Code for Design of Building Water Supply and Drainage (GB50015-2003). 12h~36h should be used for the residence time of sewage in septic tanks. For sewage disposal systems without sludge disposal, the volume of septic tanks should also include the volume of storage sludge.
